Cancer Care-Bumrungrad International Hospital

In this section

•  Cancer Care

•  Cancer Types

•  Cancer Screening

•  Cancer Treatment

•  Cancer Prevention

•  Care and Support

Cancer is a term that encompasses a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and abnormal growth of cells within the body. Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms, including humans. As we age, our cells may undergo various changes, get damaged, or naturally die. In response, the body usually produces new cells to replace the old or damaged ones.

However, in certain cases, disruptions in this normal process can occur due to factors such as genetic mutations or other triggers. When a cell becomes abnormal, it can start to divide and multiply uncontrollably, leading to the formation of more abnormal cells. These abnormal cells can accumulate and give rise to masses known as tumors.

There are two primary types of tumors:

• Benign Tumors: These tumors are non-cancerous and typically do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. They may grow slowly and usually do not pose an immediate threat to health.

• Malignant Tumors: Also referred to as cancerous tumors, these growths have the ability to invade surrounding tissues and potentially spread to other parts of the body through a process known as metastasis. Malignant tumors are the hallmark of cancer and are more concerning in terms of health impact.

Cancer can develop in virtually any part of the body, and there are numerous types of cancer, each characterized by the specific type of cells involved and the areas they affect. Early detection and intervention are crucial for effective cancer management and treatment. Advances in medical technology, along with comprehensive care that includes medical, emotional, and professional support, have significantly improved the outcomes for individuals diagnosed with cancer. This holistic approach ensures that patients receive not only medical treatment but also the emotional and practical assistance they need to navigate their cancer journey.

To address the rising incidence of cancer, it's important for individuals to understand the importance of early cancer screening, the available treatment options, potential financial aids, strategies to reduce cancer risk, and how to access the care and support necessary for recovery. By taking a proactive approach to cancer care and staying informed about the latest developments in the field, individuals can empower themselves to make well-informed decisions about their health.

Certainly, cancer can develop due to a combination of factors, and these factors can be categorized as non-modifiable and modifiable.

Non-modifiable Factors:

• Age: Advancing age is a significant risk factor for many types of cancer. As cells accumulate damage over time, the risk of abnormal growth and cancer development increases.

• Family History: A family history of certain cancers, especially in first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, children), can indicate a genetic predisposition to the disease. Inherited genetic mutations can contribute to an increased risk of cancer.

• Genetic Mutations: DNA mutations can occur naturally or be inherited from parents. These mutations can disrupt the normal control mechanisms of cell growth and division, leading to uncontrolled growth and potential cancer development.

Modifiable Factors:

• Diet: Poor dietary habits, such as a diet high in processed foods, red and processed meats, sugary beverages, and low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can contribute to an increased risk of certain cancers.

• Tobacco Smoking: Smoking is a major cause of cancer and is strongly associated with lung, mouth, throat, esophagus, and other cancers. It exposes the body to a multitude of harmful chemicals.

• Exposure to Carcinogens:

  • Physical Carcinogens: Prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation (such as from X-rays) and ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or tanning beds can damage DNA and increase the risk of skin and other cancers.

  • Chemical Carcinogens: Substances like cigarette smoke, asbestos, alcohol, air pollutants, and certain chemicals present in contaminated food and water sources can promote DNA damage and cancer development.

  • Biological Carcinogens: Infections caused by certain viruses (like HPV, hepatitis B and C) and bacteria can lead to chronic inflammation and DNA damage, increasing the risk of cancer.

It's important to note that while these factors can increase the risk of cancer, not all individuals exposed to these factors will develop cancer. Genetic susceptibility and the interplay between various risk factors can influence an individual's likelihood of developing the disease. Making healthy lifestyle choices, undergoing recommended cancer screenings, and adopting preventive measures can help reduce the risk of cancer and improve overall health.

By understanding both non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors, individuals can take proactive steps to minimize their risk and promote their well-being.

Certainly, individuals diagnosed with various types of cancer may experience a range of general signs and symptoms. It's important to note that these symptoms can vary based on the specific type of cancer, and they may also mimic symptoms of other non-cancerous health conditions. If you find yourself experiencing persistent or multiple symptoms, it's advisable to consult a healthcare professional to ensure early detection and appropriate medical attention.

Here are some general signs and symptoms that people diagnosed with different types of cancer might experience:

• Fatigue: Persistent and unexplained tiredness or lack of energy.

• Fever: Elevated body temperature that's not related to an infection.

• Unexplained Weight Loss: Significant weight loss without intentional changes in diet or exercise.

• Trouble Swallowing: Difficulty in swallowing food or liquids.

• Nausea and Vomiting: Feeling sick to your stomach and vomiting.

• Swelling or Lumps: Formation of unusual lumps or swelling in different parts of the body.

• Skin Changes: Changes in the color, texture, or appearance of the skin.

• Persistent Cough: A cough that doesn't go away or gets worse over time.

• Persistent Headaches: Frequent or severe headaches that are not typical for you.

• Unusual Bleeding or Bruising: Bleeding from body orifices, unusual bruising, or prolonged bleeding from cuts.

• Digestive Issues: Symptoms like constipation, diarrhea, or changes in bowel habits.

• Pain When Passing Urine: Pain or discomfort while urinating, which can indicate urinary tract or prostate issues.

• Vision or Hearing Problems: Changes in vision or hearing that are not due to known eye or ear conditions.

• Oral Symptoms: Sores, bleeding, or persistent pain in the gums, mouth, or throat.

You can get in touch with a Bumrungrad Patient Support Specialist here or through:

• WhatsApp: +8801847284860,  +8801847284868

• Email: support@bumrungradbangladesh.com